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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(1): 86-92, feb. 2024. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528839

ABSTRACT

La presente revisión narrativa trata de caracterizar como ha sido el proceso de enseñanza de la anatomía en la Universidad Austral de Chile (UACh), presentando una visión histórica desde los inicios de la Universidad a los tiempos actuales y una reflexión sobre el futuro de la Anatomía Humana. Se describen los orígenes del Instituto de Anatomía de la UACh, primeros académicos, logros institucionales, convenios interinstitucionales; además, se detallan los métodos y estrategias educativas utilizadas en la actualidad para la enseñanza anatómica y se presenta una visión panorámica del porvenir como instituto de docencia e investigación en el campo de la Anatomía humana.


SUMMARY: This narrative review tries to characterize how the anatomy teaching process has been carried out at the Universidad Austral de Chile (UACh), presenting a historical vision from the beginnings of the University to the present time and a reflection on the future of Human Anatomy. The origins of the Human Anatomy Institute at the UACh, first academics, institutional achievements, inter-institutional agreements are described; in addition, the educational methods and strategies currently used for anatomical teaching are detailed and a panoramic vision of the future as a teaching and research institute in the field of human anatomy is presented.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Universities/history , Anatomy/education , Anatomy/history , Chile
2.
Salud mil ; 42(2): e201, 20230929. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1531702

ABSTRACT

El 23 de diciembre de 1918 se creó por ley el Servicio de Sanidad del Ejército y la Armada, dependencia del Ministerio respectivo y remoto antecedente de la actual Dirección Nacional de Sanidad de las Fuerzas Armadas de Uruguay. Un Director General con título médico fue designado como jerarca del nuevo Servicio y presidente de su Consejo de Administración. Fue asimilado al grado militar acorde con su jerarquía administrativa: coronel. Mientras la dirección general estuvo a cargo de médicos, éstos fueron designados por ley como Directores Científicos de Sanidad Militar. El Director General Científico tuvo amplísimas atribuciones técnicas y administrativas: reglamentación de los servicios a crearse; representación de la institución; superintendencia técnica de todos los establecimientos; propuesta de nombramientos; asesoramiento del ministerio respectivo; remoción y propuesta de destituciones. El primer Director General de Sanidad fue el médico Francisco Fernández Enciso (1878-1925) quien ejerció el cargo entre 1918 y 1920. Y el último, el médico Guillermo Rodríguez Guerrero, entre 1948 y 1953. Desde entonces, y en forma definitiva, la dirección general quedó a cargo de militares de carrera, pero no médicos, asistidos de un Consejo Técnico Consultivo por médicos del hospital central. El 24 de abril de 1962, se insertó en la Orden del Servicio de Sanidad el nombramiento del coronel médico Hugo Brugnini como Subdirector del Servicio e Inspector General de Servicios de Sanidad. De acuerdo a esta documentación, la Subdirección Técnica del Servicio de Sanidad Militar se inició en 1962 y su primer titular fue el médico Hugo Brugnini. Desde entonces se han nombrado numerosos profesionales para ocupar el cargo de subdirección o lisa y llanamente dirección técnica. Quien sucedió al doctor Brugnini fue el coronel médico Waldemar Vanini, nacido en Montevideo el 16 de febrero de 1924 y fallecido en 1979 en la misma ciudad a la edad de 55 años.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , History, 20th Century , Military Personnel/history , Uruguay , Hospitals, Military/history
3.
Salud mil ; 42(2): e702, 20230929. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1531727

ABSTRACT

Ernest Shackleton ha sido en la historia, un personaje que dejó huella como ejemplo de resiliencia y liderazgo. En 1914 realizó como jefe de expedición su segundo viaje antártico, frustrado por el hundimiento de su buque insignia. La operación de rescate del grueso de la tripulación varada en el continente más meridional lo llevó a recalar en Montevideo. Desde este puerto partió el buque Instituto de Pesca N°1, con tripulación de Uruguay y Shackleton incluido, no logrando completar el salvamento. De esta acción nació el aprecio hacia la persona del explorador por parte del gobierno de la República. En su postrer travesía, ya fallecido llegó a las Islas Georgia del Sur y a su cuerpo se le realizó un proceso de conservación para ser traído a nuestro país y continuar viaje al puerto de origen en Inglaterra. Es en esa circunstancia que el gobierno del doctor Baltasar Brum solicitó a la Comisión Permanente del Parlamento, se le rindieran honores fúnebres de Ministro de Estado. El embalsamado del cuerpo fue realizado el 30 de enero de 1922, por parte de personal médico y técnico del Hospital Militar, así como los honores que le rindieron por el Servicio de Sanidad del Ejército y la Armada.


Ernest Shackleton has been in history, a character who left his mark as an example of resilience and leadership. In 1914, as expedition leader, he made his second Antarctic voyage, frustrated by the sinking of his flagship. The operation to rescue the bulk of the crew stranded on the southernmost continent led him to Montevideo. The Instituto de Pesca N°1, with Uruguayan crew and Shackleton included, departed from this port, but was unable to complete the rescue. From this action was born the appreciation of the explorer by the government of the Republic. In his last voyage, when he died, he reached the South Georgia Islands and his body underwent a preservation process to be brought to our country and continue his voyage to the port of origin in England. It is in this circumstance that the government of Dr. Baltasar Brum requested the Permanent Commission of the Parliament to pay him the funeral honors of a Minister of State. The embalming of the body was carried out on January 30, 1922, by medical and technical personnel of the Military Hospital, as well as the honors rendered by the Army and Navy Health Service.


Ernest Shackleton deixou sua marca na história como um exemplo de resiliência e liderança. Em 1914, ele fez sua segunda viagem à Antártica como líder da expedição, frustrado pelo naufrágio de seu navio principal. A operação para resgatar a maior parte da tripulação encalhada no continente mais ao sul o levou a Montevidéu. O Instituto de Pesca N°1, com tripulação do Uruguai e Shackleton incluído, partiu desse porto, mas não conseguiu concluir o resgate. Essa ação deu origem ao reconhecimento do explorador pelo governo da República. Em sua última viagem, quando morreu, chegou às Ilhas Geórgia do Sul e seu corpo foi preservado para que pudesse ser trazido ao nosso país e continuar sua viagem até o porto de origem na Inglaterra. Foi nessa circunstância que o governo do Dr. Baltasar Brum solicitou ao Comitê Permanente do Parlamento que lhe prestasse as honras fúnebres de um Ministro de Estado. O embalsamamento do corpo foi realizado em 30 de janeiro de 1922, pela equipe médica e técnica do Hospital Militar, bem como as honras prestadas a ele pelo Serviço de Saúde do Exército e da Marinha.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Ships/history , Travel/history , Military Personnel/history , Uruguay , United Kingdom , Antarctic Regions
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(3): 711-716, jun. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514285

ABSTRACT

Realizamos una reseña de los primeros años de la Asociación Argentina de Anatomía, que se creó en el año 2000 y que actualmente continúa vigente. Se describen sus orígenes, objetivos, primeros presidentes y congresos, así como publicaciones, además de sus relaciones inter-societarias, entre ellas se destaca la Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía.


SUMMARY: We make a review of the first years of the Argentine Association of Anatomy, which was created in the year 2000 and which is currently still in force. Its origins, objectives, first presidents and congresses are described, as well as publications, in addition to its inter-societal relations, among them the Chilean Society of Anatomy stands out.


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Societies, Medical/history , Anatomy/history , Argentina
5.
Rev. Asoc. Méd. Argent ; 136(2): 26-38, jun. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551246

ABSTRACT

En este artículo el autor primero relata su ingreso y su formación como cirujano en la Escuela Finochietto; comparte sus sentires íntimos, las anécdotas y las experiencias vividas junto a discípulos directos de Ricardo Finochietto, en particular con su maestro, Delfín Luis Vilanova. Más adelante, el relato cuenta sobre su especialización como cirujano plástico junto al Dr. José Alberto Cerisola, también discípulo directo de Finochietto. Y por último, el autor habla sobre su proceso de «mutación¼ de cirujano a terapeuta y sobre cómo influyó la formación como cirujano en la Escuela en el desarrollo de la técnica terapéutica que emplea. (AU)


In this article, the author first relates his admission and training as a surgeon at the Finochietto School. He shares his intimate feelings, anecdotes and experiences with direct disciples of Ricardo Finochietto, particularly with his teacher, Delfín Luis Vilanova. Later on, he talks about his specialization as a plastic surgeon together with Dr. José Alberto Cerisola, also a direct disciple of Finochietto. Finally, he refers to the process of "mutation" from surgeon to therapist and how his training as a surgeon at the School influenced the development of the therapeutic technique that he uses. (AU)


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Schools, Medical/history , General Surgery/history , Surgeons , Argentina , History of Medicine , Hospitals , Internship and Residency
6.
Rev. Asoc. Méd. Argent ; 136(2): 18-26, jun. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551245

ABSTRACT

La Asociación Médica Argentina (AMA) reconoce el valor de la Escuela Quirúrgica de los hermanos Finochietto y por tal motivo efectúa un homenaje anual desde el año 2002. En este artículo se hace una breve reseña histórica del Hospital Rawson, donde se inició y desarrolló dicha escuela. Se resaltan dos hechos: por un lado, el término "diáspora finochiettista", porque la dispersión de los cirujanos fue obligada y tuvieron que abandonar su lugar de procedencia original, el Hospital Rawson y, por el otro, que dicho nosocomio nació y murió como consecuencia de movimientos políticos cívico-militares. (AU)


The Argentine Medical Association (AMA) recognizes the value of the Surgical School of the Finochietto brothers, and for this reason has paid an annual tribute since 2002. Tthis article provides a brief historical review of the Rawson Hospital, where the school was initiated and developed. Two facts are highlighted: on the one hand, the term "Finochiettista diaspora" because the dispersal of the surgeons was forced and they had to leave their original place of origin, the Rawson Hospital; and on the other hand, the fact that this hospital was born and died as a consequence of civil-military political movements. (AU)


Subject(s)
History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Schools, Medical/history , Surgeons/history , Hospitals/history , Argentina , Societies, Medical , History of Medicine
8.
Salud mil ; 42(1): e201, 05/05/2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1531388

ABSTRACT

Al celebrarse este 25 aniversario de la revista Salud Militar nos importa recordarlo pues en parte se debe al coronel Enrique Blas dos Santos su existencia. No son sus funciones administrativas las que mueven este homenaje, sino su desvelo por preservar el patrimonio histórico de la institución e impulsar proyectos culturales en beneficio de todos los funcionarios del Servicio e incluso de sus familias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , History, 20th Century , Periodicals as Topic/history , Scientific and Technical Publications , Libraries, Hospital/history , Uruguay
9.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 28: 1-7, mar. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1427584

ABSTRACT

This theoretical essay reflects on physical activity (PA) and health and the development of this study area, particularly in Brazil. A historical review is presented based on major research themes in the area since the 1950s and the evolution of PA recommendations for health. Crucial conceptual and operational definitions in the area that have gone through recent updates are addressed. The pa-per highlights relevant institutions and documents, as well as reflects on future perspectives and challenges in the field. Finally, this essay highlights the need to reduce the gap between the robust scientific knowledge already produced about the health benefits of PA and the real action in the field, especially in the primary health care setting


A partir de uma abordagem histórica, conceitual, crítica e didática, este ensaio teórico propõe uma reflexão sobre a relação entre atividade física (AF) e saúde e o desenvolvimento desta área de estudo, com um olhar especial sobre o Brasil. Apresenta-se revisão histórica a partir de grandes temas de pesquisa na área desde os anos 1950 e da evolução das recomendações de AF para a saúde. São abordadas definições conceituais e operacionais que passaram por atualizações recentes e que são cruciais na área. Faz-se destaque a instituições e documentos relevantes, além de reflexões sobre perspectivas e desafios futuros para a área. Por fim, destaca a necessidade da redução na distância entre a solidez do conhecimento já produzido sobre os benefícios da AF para a saúde e os desejados avanços no contexto da promoção da saúde, em especial na atenção primária à saúde


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Exercise/physiology , Health Behavior/physiology , Health Promotion , Life Style/history , Physical Education and Training/history , Brazil , Sedentary Behavior
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 151(1): 105-112, feb. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515410

ABSTRACT

Clinical pharmacy is a health discipline in which pharmacists provide patient care that optimizes rational medication use and promotes health, wellness and disease prevention. The beginnings of clinical pharmacy in Chile were inspired by the origin in the School of Pharmacy of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), in the mid-1960s. However, the historical development in our country, both in teaching and in the professional field, was accompanied by difficulties and success, which became a long and winding road. This article shares the events that gave rise to its beginnings in Chile, first through teaching, then in pharmacovigilance and clinical pharmacokinetics, to later describe its professional expansion and recognition as a specialty of pharmacy. This article briefly recounts the history of the Chilean clinical pharmacy to this day. Some names of people or institutions were not mentioned. Therefore the authors apologize in advance to pharmacists and organizations whose contribution cannot be recognized in this way. However, we know that this specialty has not been forged only by the names that appear, but by all those who love and respect the work of the clinical pharmacy.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Pharmacy , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/history , Pharmacists , Chile
12.
Rev. homeopatia (São Paulo) ; 84(2): 13-15, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, HomeoIndex, MTYCI | ID: biblio-1519106

ABSTRACT

Samuel Hahnemann usa seu poder intelectual e de observação para fazer um relato minucioso, e de certa minuciosa, sobre as características da mão humana. Suas analogias e conhecimento das percepções filosóficas impressionam, menos por sua erudição mas pela idade com que ele escreveu o texto. "O que mais eu poderia dizer sobre a carne que está em torno de cada dedo? Ela está disposta de tal modo que aí ainda reconhecemos a Sabedoria divina. Dado que as próprias falanges são muito irregulares ­ pois as articulações e a espécie compreendida entre elas apresentam uma grande diferença de volume ­ esses espaços e essas irregularidades foram recobertas pelo Criador com uma camada carnuda suficiente para pegar tão vigorosamente os objetos e sustentá- -los. Isso para o interior dos dedos, pois exteriormente, por outro lado, não encontramos quase nada de carne e nossos dedos são recobertos apenas por pele, para não se tornarem muito pesados e desajeitados."


Samuel Hahnemann uses his intellectual powers and of observation to give a detailed, and somewhat minute, account of the characteristics of the human hand. His analogies and knowledge of philosophical insights are impressive, less because of his erudition but because of the age at which he wrote the text. "What more could I say about the flesh that is around each finger? It is arranged in such a way that there we still recognize divine Wisdom. Since the phalanges themselves are very irregular ­ because the joints and the species included between them present a great difference in volume ­ these spaces and these irregularities were covered by the Creator with a fleshy layer sufficient to grasp the objects so vigorously and support them. This goes for the inside of the fingers, because externally, on the other hand, we find almost nothing of flesh and our fingers are covered only by skin, so as not to become too heavy and clumsy."


Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Translating , Classical Author Books on Homeopathy
13.
Montevideo; s.n; 2023. 122 p. ilus^e1 CD-ROM.(La Raíz, 29).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1552386
14.
Montevideo; Plus-Ultra; 2023. 387 p. ilus.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1437882
17.
Clin. biomed. res ; 43(1): 69-74, 2023.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1435967

ABSTRACT

The history of hemophilia is ancient, with descriptions dated to the 2nd century AD. The first modern narratives appeared in 1800s, when total blood transfusion was the only available treatment and life expectancy was remarkably low. Advances occurred with the use of plasma and cryoprecipitate, but only the discovered of factor concentrates revolutionized the treatment. The implantation of prophylaxis allowed hemophilic patients to prevent bleeding and the development of chronic arthropathy, although with a significant burdensome with the regular infusions. In the past 20 years, this field has witnessed major improvements, including the development of gene therapy and other pharmacological approaches.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Factor IX/history , Factor VIII/history , Hemophilia B/history , Hemophilia A/history , Hemophilia B/therapy , Hemophilia A/therapy
18.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 30: e2023005, 2023.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430456

ABSTRACT

Abstract This article analyzes healthy child contests as a medical and socio-political strategy implemented in Latin America to protect childhood, thus ensuring the future of the "race" and the nation. These contests blended degeneration, racial theories, and state interventionism and gained momentum in the 1930s with the rise of eugenics. This article examines the contest in Colombia, which was implemented under the Liberal Republic (1930-1946); even though this competition was defined by its national context, a broader international perspective improves understanding. Questions are also raised about the efforts of the Liberal government to strengthen the idea of national identity through education and health programs.


Resumen Este artículo analiza los concursos de niño sano como una estrategia médica y sociopolítica implementada en América Latina para proteger a la niñez, asegurando así el futuro de la "raza" y de la nación. Estos concursos combinaron la degeneración, las teorías raciales y el intervencionismo estatal y cobraron impulso en la década de 1930 con el auge de la eugenesia. Este artículo examina la contienda en Colombia, que se implementó bajo la República Liberal (1930-1946); aunque esta competencia fue definida por su contexto nacional, una perspectiva internacional más amplia mejora la comprensión. También se plantean preguntas sobre los esfuerzos del gobierno liberal para fortalecer la idea de identidad nacional a través de programas de educación y salud.


Subject(s)
Child Welfare , Infant Mortality , Child Health , State , Eugenics , Colombia , History, 20th Century
19.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 30: e2023008, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430458

ABSTRACT

Resumo De meados dos anos 1930, com Raízes do Brasil , a meados dos anos 1960, com O extremo Oeste , Sérgio Buarque de Holanda descreve um importante câmbio em seu entendimento sobre o espaço brasileiro. Inicialmente, em um diálogo muito próximo com Gilberto Freyre, o autor concebe o país a partir da noção de trópico, espaço fluido onde Portugal pode ser recriado pelo estreito vínculo com o oceano. Em Monções e Caminhos e fronteiras , o historiador desenvolve uma visão deliberadamente oposta àquela, na qual o país é concebido pela noção de fronteira, espaço áspero onde a plasticidade do adventício alcança o seu limite. Jaime Cortesão e sua tese da ilha-Brasil tornam-se os alvos invariáveis de crítica nessa etapa.


Abstract From the mid-1930s, with Raízes do Brasil , to the mid-1960s, with O extremo Oeste , Sérgio Buarque de Holanda undergoes a significant change in his understanding of Brazilian space. Initially, in a close dialogue with Gilberto Freyre, the author conceives the country drawing on the notion of the tropics, a fluid space where Portugal could be recreated through the bond with the ocean. In Monções and Caminhos e fronteiras , the historian develops a deliberately opposed vision, conceiving the country from the notion of frontier, a rough space where a foreigner's adaptability reaches its limit. In this phase, Jaime Cortesão and his thesis of Brazil-island became an invariable target of criticism.


Subject(s)
Border Areas , Brazil , Tropical Ecosystem , Sociological Factors , History, 20th Century
20.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 30: e2023004, 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430459

ABSTRACT

Resumen En México, la decidida y sistemática participación de la sociedad civil en la lucha contra la tuberculosis inició en 1939, al crearse el Comité Nacional de Lucha contra la Tuberculosis. Su plural conformación y las labores que desempeñó le distinguieron de las asociaciones y de ligas antituberculosas creadas en décadas previas en diferentes países de las Américas. En este artículo se presentará un primer acercamiento a la plural conformación de ese organismo y se estudiarán algunas de las acciones que impulsó durante su primera década de funcionamiento, un momento en el que también fue particularmente prolífica la coexistencia de diferentes terapéuticas para tratar a los individuos con esa enfermedad.


Abstract The determined and systematic participation of civil society in the fight against tuberculosis in Mexico began in 1939 when the National Committee for the Fight against Tuberculosis was created. Its plural conformation and tasks distinguished it from the anti-tuberculosis associations and leagues created in previous decades in different countries of the Americas. This article will present a first approach to the plural conformation of this organism and will study some of the actions that it promoted during its first decade of operation, in which the coexistence of different therapeutics to treat individuals was also particularly prolific with that disease.


Subject(s)
Therapeutics , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Communicable Disease Control , Health Policy , History, 20th Century , Mexico
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